Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
Test Overview
The Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) test measures the levels of FSH in the blood, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a key role in reproductive health. In women, FSH regulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles, while in men, it stimulates sperm production. This test is commonly used to assess fertility issues, menopause status, and pituitary function.
Test Uses
- Evaluate fertility issues in both men and women.
- Diagnose ovarian dysfunction or menopause in women.
- Assess testicular function in men.
- Help diagnose pituitary disorders.
- Determine the cause of irregular menstrual cycles.
FSH Test Results & Ranges
| Test Component: | Normal Range: | Abnormal (Possible Conditions): |
|---|---|---|
| FSH (Women – Follicular Phase) | 3.5 – 12.5 mIU/mL | High → Possible primary ovarian insufficiency, menopause, PCOS, or pituitary dysfunction. Low → Possible hypothalamic or pituitary disorder. |
| FSH (Women – Ovulation Phase) | 4.7 – 21.5 mIU/mL | Same as above. |
| FSH (Women – Luteal Phase) | 1.7 – 7.7 mIU/mL | Same as above. |
| FSH (Women – Postmenopausal) | 25.8 – 134.8 mIU/mL | High FSH confirms menopause. |
| FSH (Men) | 1.5 – 12.4 mIU/mL | High → Possible testicular failure, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary dysfunction. Low → Possible pituitary or hypothalamic disorder. |
| FSH (Children – Prepubertal) | 0.3 – 4.6 mIU/mL | High → Possible precocious puberty. Low → Possible delayed puberty. |
- Elevated FSH levels in women may indicate menopause, ovarian failure, or PCOS.
- Low FSH levels in men or women may suggest pituitary or hypothalamic dysfunction.
Expected Turnaround Time
- Results Available: Typically within 24 – 48 hours.
Specimen Requirements
- Sample Type: Blood sample (venipuncture).
- Container: Serum separator tube (SST, gold or red-top tube).
Collection Instructions
- Fasting: Not required.
- For Women: The test is often performed on Day 3 of the menstrual cycle (if assessing fertility).
- For Men: No specific timing required.
Test Details
Clinical Use: The FSH test is commonly ordered alongside LH (Luteinizing Hormone), Estradiol, Testosterone, and Progesterone to provide a complete picture of reproductive health. Helps in fertility evaluations, menopause confirmation, and diagnosing hormonal imbalances.
Limitations: FSH levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle; results should be interpreted accordingly. Additional hormone tests may be required for a complete diagnosis of reproductive or endocrine disorders.
The FSH test is crucial for evaluating fertility, menstrual health, and pituitary function, playing a key role in diagnosing hormonal and reproductive conditions.