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DHEA-S

Test Overview

The DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate) test measures the levels of DHEA-S, a hormone produced primarily by the adrenal glands. DHEA-S serves as a precursor for androgens (testosterone) and estrogens (estradiol) and plays a key role in puberty, reproductive health, and overall hormone balance. This test is commonly used to evaluate adrenal function, androgen disorders, and hormonal imbalances.

Test Uses

  • Assess adrenal gland function and detect adrenal tumors or hyperplasia.
  • Diagnose conditions related to excessive androgen production, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hirsutism (excessive hair growth), or congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
  • Evaluate causes of infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, or early/late puberty.
  • Monitor adrenal tumors or adrenal gland disorders.

DHEA-S Test Results & Ranges

Age & Gender:Normal Range (mcg/dL):
Men (Adult)160 – 449 mcg/dL
Women (Adult, Premenopausal)35 – 430 mcg/dL
Women (Postmenopausal)20 – 250 mcg/dL
Children (Puberty Onset)Varies by age and development stage

Abnormal Results and Possible Causes:

  • Elevated DHEA-S Levels (>Normal Range)

    • Adrenal tumors or hyperplasia
    • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    • Cushing’s syndrome
    • Excessive androgen production (causing hirsutism, acne, or virilization in women)

  • Low DHEA-S Levels (<Normal Range)

    • Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)
    • Pituitary gland disorders (hypopituitarism)
    • Aging (DHEA-S levels naturally decline with age)

 

Expected Turnaround Time

  • Results Available: Typically within 24–48 hours.

Specimen Requirements

  • Sample Type: Blood sample (venipuncture).
  • Container: Serum separator tube (SST, gold-top tube).

Collection Instructions

  • Fasting is not required.
  • Avoid taking DHEA supplements before the test, as they may alter results.
  • Inform your doctor if you are on hormone therapy, corticosteroids, or other medications that may impact hormone levels.

Test Details

Clinical Use: Helps diagnose adrenal gland disorders and androgen excess conditions. Used in conjunction with other hormone tests (testosterone, cortisol, ACTH) for a comprehensive endocrine evaluation. Monitors hormone imbalances affecting fertility, menstrual cycles, and signs of androgen excess in women.

Limitations: DHEA-S levels naturally decline with age, so interpretation should consider the patient’s age and health status. May require additional hormone tests to determine the exact cause of abnormal androgen levels.

The DHEA-S Test is a valuable tool for evaluating adrenal health, androgen-related conditions, and hormone imbalances affecting reproductive and metabolic health.

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